Lambda Calculus Practice Problems

Evaluate each of these expressions, that is, \(\beta\)-reduce each of the following expressions until you cannot \(\beta\)-reduce any more.

  1. \((λp.λq.pqp)(λx.λy.y)(λx.λy.x)\)
  2. \((λp.λq.ppq)(λx.λy.y)(λx.λy.x)\)
  3. \((λp.p(λx.λy.y)(λx.λy.x))(λx.λy.y)\)
  4. \((λp.λa.λb.pab)(λx.λy.y)(λf.(λx.fx))(λf.(λx.f(fx)))\)
  5. \((λc.c(λx.λy.y))(λx.λy.λf.fxy)(λf.λx.f(fx))(λf.λx.f(f(fx)))\)